types:
septum
a partition or wall especially in an ovary
archegonium
a female sex organ occurring in mosses, ferns, and most gymnosperms
calyx tube,
floral cup,
hypanthium
the cuplike or ringlike or tubular structure of a flower which bears the sepals and stamens and calyx (as in Rosaceae)
cup
cup-shaped plant organ
hypobasidium
special cell constituting the base of the basidium in various fungi especially of the order Tremellales
galea
an organ shaped like a helmet; usually a vaulted and enlarged petal as in Aconitum
gill,
lamella
any of the radiating leaflike spore-producing structures on the underside of the cap of a mushroom or similar fungus
root
(botany) the usually underground organ that lacks buds or leaves or nodes; absorbs water and mineral salts; usually it anchors the plant to the ground
root cap
thimble-shaped mass of cells covering and protecting the growing tip of a root
root hair
thin hairlike outgrowth of an epidermal cell just behind the tip; absorbs nutrients from the soil
offset,
runner,
stolon
a horizontal branch from the base of plant that produces new plants from buds at its tips
stalk,
stem
a slender or elongated structure that supports a plant or fungus or a plant part or plant organ
foliage,
leaf,
leafage
the main organ of photosynthesis and transpiration in higher plants
sprout
any new growth of a plant such as a new branch or a bud
ascocarp
mature fruiting body of an ascomycetous fungus
acervulus
small asexual fruiting body resembling a cushion or blister consisting of a mat of hyphae that is produced on a host by some fungi
basidiocarp
the fruiting body of a basidiomycete which bears its spores on special cells
agamete
an asexual reproductive cell
fructification
organs of fruiting (especially the reproductive parts of ferns and mosses)
gleba
fleshy spore-bearing inner mass of e.g. a puffball or stinkhorn
hymenium
spore-bearing layer of cells in certain fungi containing asci or basidia
spore case,
sporocarp
specialized leaf branch in certain aquatic ferns that encloses the sori or clusters of sporangia
bloom,
blossom,
flower
reproductive organ of angiosperm plants especially one having showy or colorful parts
stamen
the male reproductive organ of a flower
anther
the part of the stamen that contains pollen; usually borne on a stalk
pistil
the female ovule-bearing part of a flower composed of ovary and style and stigma
gynophore
the stalk of a pistil that raises it above the receptacle
style
(botany) the narrow elongated part of the pistil between the ovary and the stigma
stigma
the apical end of the style where deposited pollen enters the pistil
carpophore
a slender stalk that furnishes an axis for a carpel
ovary
the organ that bears the ovules of a flower
ovule
a small body that contains the female germ cell of a plant; develops into a seed after fertilization
placenta
that part of the ovary of a flowering plant where the ovules form
placentation
arrangement of the ovules in the placenta and of the placentas in the ovary
endosperm
nutritive tissue surrounding the embryo within seeds of flowering plants
gemma
small asexual reproductive structure in e.g. liverworts and mosses that detaches from the parent and develops into a new individual
cataphyll
a reduced or scarcely developed leaf at the start of a plant's life (i.e., cotyledons) or in the early stages of leaf development
calamus
the aromatic root of the sweet flag used medicinally
ginseng
aromatic root of ginseng plants
radish
pungent edible root of any of various cultivated radish plants
cane
a strong slender often flexible stem as of bamboos, reeds, rattans, or sugar cane
briarroot
hard woody root of the briar Erica arborea
acorn cup,
cupule
cup-shaped structure of hardened bracts at the base of an acorn
orris,
orrisroot
fragrant rootstock of various irises especially Florentine iris; used in perfumes and medicines
falls
the petals or sepals of a flower that bend downward (especially the outer perianth of an iris)
sarsaparilla root
dried root of any of various plants of the genus Smilax used as a flavoring agent
licorice root
root of licorice used in flavoring e.g. candy and liqueurs and medicines
senega
dried root of two plants of the genus Polygala containing an irritating saponin
pitcher
(botany) a leaf that that is modified in such a way as to resemble a pitcher or ewer
cassava,
manioc
cassava root eaten as a staple food after drying and leaching; source of tapioca
carrot
deep orange edible root of the cultivated carrot plant
parsnip
the whitish root of cultivated parsnip
basidium
a small club-shaped structure typically bearing four basidiospores at the ends of minute projections; unique to basidiomycetes
aecium
fruiting body of some rust fungi bearing chains of aeciospores
antheridium
the male sex organ of spore-producing plants; produces antherozoids; equivalent to the anther in flowers
ascus
saclike structure in which ascospores are formed through sexual reproduction of ascomycetes
sporophore
a spore-bearing branch or organ: the part of the thallus of a sporophyte that develops spores; in ferns and mosses and liverworts is practically equivalent to the sporophyte
gametophore
a modified branch bearing gametangia as in the thalloid liverworts
sorus
cluster of sporangia usually on underside of a fern frond
sorus
a spore-producing structure in certain lichens and fungi
pneumatophore
an air-filled root (submerged or exposed) that can function as a respiratory organ of a marsh or swamp plant
taproot
(botany) main root of a plant growing straight downward from the stem
rootlet
small root or division of a root
prop root
a root that grows from and supports the stem above the ground in plants such as mangroves
cutting,
slip
a part (sometimes a root or leaf or bud) removed from a plant to propagate a new plant through rooting or grafting
tuber
a fleshy underground stem or root serving for reproductive and food storage
axis
the main stem or central part about which plant organs or plant parts such as branches are arranged
caudex
woody stem of palms and tree ferns
caudex,
stock
persistent thickened stem of a herbaceous perennial plant
stipe
supporting stalk or stem-like structure especially of a pistil or fern frond or supporting a mushroom cap
flower stalk,
scape
erect leafless flower stalk growing directly from the ground as in a tulip
blade,
leaf blade
especially a leaf of grass or the broad portion of a leaf as distinct from the petiole
bulb
a modified bud consisting of a thickened globular underground stem serving as a reproductive structure
corm
solid swollen underground bulb-shaped stem or stem base and serving as a reproductive structure
fruit
the ripened reproductive body of a seed plant
frond
compound leaf of a fern or palm or cycad
pad
the large floating leaf of an aquatic plant (as the water lily)
scale,
scale leaf
a specialized leaf or bract that protects a bud or catkin
compound leaf
a leaf composed of a number of leaflets on a common stalk
entire leaf
a leaf having a smooth margin without notches or indentations
serrate leaf
a leaf having a margin notched like a saw with teeth pointing toward the apex
erose leaf
a leaf having a jagged margin as though gnawed
runcinate leaf
a leaf having incised margins with the lobes or teeth curved toward the base; as a dandelion leaf
parted leaf
a leaf having margins incised almost to the base so as to create distinct divisions or lobes
rosette
a cluster of leaves growing in crowded circles from a common center or crown (usually at or close to the ground)
branch
a division of a stem, or secondary stem arising from the main stem of a plant
culm
stem of plants of the Gramineae
halm,
haulm
stems of beans and peas and potatoes and grasses collectively as used for thatching and bedding
bud
a swelling on a plant stem consisting of overlapping immature leaves or petals
bole,
tree trunk,
trunk
the main stem of a tree; usually covered with bark; the bole is usually the part that is commercially useful for lumber